The Long Way Home
Opening
The wind howls along a lonely stretch of railroad. Snow drifts line the track, the product of snowstorms that have been hammering the area known as the Midwest snow belt for weeks on end. It’s just after Christmas and the number 5 train is making its way down the line, the double engines leading the way slowly but surely.
The train, with its nearly 160 passengers, was due in Cleveland nearly 2 hours ago, but the weather hasn’t let up and the blizzard is making travel nearly impossible. Some of the passengers have been talking about the possibility of the train getting stuck, but the driver of the lead engine, The Socrates, is determined to make it to their destination.
As they approach the small burg of Ashtabula, Ohio, a lone bridge stands between them and the station. It’s a newer structure, having only been built 11 years prior, and even with the snow there’s no reason to think the crossing would be anything but routine as the front wheels of the locomotive inch onto the steel frame.
Within minutes, a loud crash and the frantic blowing of a train whistle is heard throughout the surrounding hills. No one knows it yet, but this night will be etched in history and remembered for centuries for what has just happened.
Welcome to season 2 of The Long Way Home. I’m your host, Josh “Bearheart” Hawk. In this episode we’re digging into a terrible tragedy that happened nearly a century and a half ago in the small town of Ashtabula, Ohio. I covered the story first on YouTube as part of my Legends and Tales series, and now I want to go beyond what happened and talk about a few of the people involved.
So buckle your seatbelt and lean back as we take a drive down dusty back roads and open freeways. The destination isn’t really important, it’s all about the journey, and the journey is so much better when you take The Long Way Home.
(bumper music)
Opening Mile
On December 29, 1876, passengers on the number 5 train from Albany, New York found themselves staring out the windows of their cars at a winter wonderland. Snow was piled high all around as the engines, The Socrates and The Columbia, pulled two baggage cars, two express cars, two day passenger coaches, a smoking car, a drawing car called “Yokahama” and three sleeper cars known as The Palatine, City of Buffalo and Osceo along a lonely stretch of track in northeast Ohio.
The train had originally been due in Cleveland, Ohio at 7:05 PM, but it was running well behind schedule. At around 7:30 PM it was approaching Ashtabula, Ohio, a little over 50 miles east of its intended destination.
Ashtabula is a small town even today, but in 1876 it still only had around 3500 residents. Sitting in a prime spot on the shore of Lake Erie, it had been growing quite a bit, gaining over a thousand new people in the 6 years following the 1870 census. It was quickly on its way to becoming a major hub of commerce in northeastern Ohio.
Trains coming into the town were usually destined for a small train station that sat on West 32nd street, surrounded by homes and businesses. Approaching from the west, they would be coming through open farm land and fields. But coming from the east, like the number 5 train, they would be treated to the beautiful view of a small river gorge just before sliding into town.
The bridge that crossed the gorge was fairly new, having been replaced in 1865 by the rail company. The president of the company at the time, a Mr. Amasa Stone, would take the design of the replacement bridge on his own shoulders, hoping to cap off his career with something that would outlive him by decades.
Based on the Howe Truss bridge design, this would be a structure highlighted with cross beams and angled rods stretching along its length. There were two concrete abutments, one on each side, and the bridge would cover the length of 150 feet that separated them.
Howe Truss bridges were usually made from a combination of iron and wood, using the pairing to lighten the weight of the structure and provide enough support to hold whatever might be crossing them. The design Mr. Stone had in mind, however, removed the wood and made the structure completely out of wrought iron.
This increased the weight of the bridge, and nearly doomed the project as soon as it was built. The extra weight caused it to sink into the abutments on either side and it needed to be adjusted before officially opening for traffic in the summer of 1865.
Two other engineers had looked at the design before it became a reality, and both had said it shouldn’t be built.
Joseph Tomlinson was the first to denounce it, though he would later become part of the project as the lead architect of the build, managing the construction. He also made the drawings of the bridge, noting at the time that the main braces were not strong enough. That argument was enough to get him removed from the design portion of the project and his proposed changes would go away with him.
Charles Collins was the lead engineer for the railroad company, and found himself so overwhelmed with other projects at the time that he was unable to do much more than look at the plans. While he had concerns with the design, he was removed from the project due to his workload and didn’t feel the need to say anything at the time. He would later testify the design appeared to be an experiment more than anything.
As bad as it was, the bridge would officially be opened and support trains full of passengers for the next 11 years. Countless snowstorms and engines would pass over it, and it held strong until around 7:30 PM on December 29, 1876.
By the morning light on December 30, a mass of iron and bodies would lay drenched in the river below, covered in snow and still burning from the intense fire of heating devices that had only hours before been keeping the 160 passengers warm.
One of those passengers, Miss Marion Shephard, would share her story with The Chicago Tribune only a few days later. Here is her account as written on January 1, 1877:
“I left Albany last Thursday night about 2:00 and had a birth in the sleeper Palatine. There were 20 passengers in the car, 2 ladies when we started and two more afterwards. A very severe snowstorm set in at Rochester and we were all expected to be snowed in. At Ashtabula Bridge we were 3 or 4 hours behind. This was between 8:00 and 9:00 in the evening. I think we were running faster than we did a few moments previously. The people in the car were talking, eating or playing cards and the first warning of any impending danger was given us by a candle being knocked down, the glass and the lamps being shattered and the bell rope breaking, the other lights fell. There was a bump, then a horrible crash. A gentleman near me said “Oh my God, we're going down”. Then we commenced to fall and we went down, down, down, down.
Some remained in their seats, grasping them, while others rose. It was quite dark now. I stood up in the centre of the aisle, holding onto the seat and thinking I would be less liable to be injured by the breaking glass and the splinters from the sides of the car. As we went down, everything was silent as the grave, but when we had struck a terrible shriek arose from the wreck. There was another crash at the same time, but not so loud as the first. When we went down, splinters, glass, et cetera were whirling around in the car, the berths were slipping down, and there was a general confusion.
Something fell on me, but it was nothing very heavy. It was dark, and I could not see. Some gentlemen also fell over me, but recovered himself a moment afterwards. I could not tell who it was, as it was dark. Some men said the car would be on fire in a minute and we must hurry out. Another said the water is coming in and we will be drowned. On my way out, a perfectly uninjured man grabbed me as I groped my way along on hands and knees and said, oh help me, don't leave me, save me. And ever so many things as that, but I couldn't see his face.
A woman wanted me to help her husband who was jammed in between the floor and a berth. I tried to get him out but could not. Some men called out and said they would come and help him. Then I went to the door, walking over to the furnace in my course. There was no fire caught in our car.
How to get out alive I could not imagine. The cars around me were either ablaze or covered with such masses of rubbish as to almost completely hem me in. But I saw a man climbing up the rubbish and I followed him. I got on to the side of the car which had turned over and crawled along it. It seemed to be filled with people jammed together screaming and crying for help. There was another man behind me and both tried to help me along but it was too slippery and I found I could do no better than crawling along by myself.
When we got to the end of the car, these men, Mr. Tyler of Saint Louis and Mr. White of Chicago, helped me down. When I got down, I found myself in the water, snow and ice up to my knees. Mr. Tyler was bleeding about the head, face and hands with a dreadful gash over his eye. Mr. White was unhurt and told me it was his eighth railroad accident. Under the corner there was a man whose head lay lower than the rest of his body, and his limbs were all crushed by the car. He asked us to help him, and we did so as best we could, until others came and carried him away, suffering intensely. I do not know who he was. All this time the Ashtabula fire bells and the bell of the engine that had passed over were ringing furiously. The blinding snow fell around us, illuminated by the light of the fire which had attacked the wreck. The banks looked as high as those near Niagara at first. The bridge had broken off short at each end, leaving nothing but the abutments. By this time there were plenty of men around to help us, but there was a perfect panic, very few having any presence of mind at all.
Many who could have saved themselves as well as not had to be dragged out of the cars or they would have burned to death. The women really showed the most courage, and yet there were very few of them saved. We were helped up the hill to the engine house, pushing through the snow and ice and clambering up the steep, rugged banks of the Creek.
The injured were brought in, some of them horribly mangled, but very few of them unable to speak. There were 3 ladies there, a Missus Graham of New York, Missus Bingham of Chicago, and another lady and myself. My escape was the most remarkable. My only injury being no more than a scratch upon my wrist. Missus Graham was only slightly injured. Missus Bingham had her left leg and spine hurt, and the other lady whose name I don't know was also terribly injured.
Before we had got up the hill the whole train was on fire. We heard the shrieks of the wounded and dying, and the whole scene was as bright as day. Men were working as hard as they could to help the sufferers of their fiery prison. A physician came in about half an hour, and we took buses and went to the village. We were drenched through and through, and our clothes froze to us. I was taken to the Fisk house. Three men were brought in, badly wounded, one of them a Frenchman from Saint Louis, most horribly. Nobody around there could speak French, and we could not learn his name. He moaned most piteously all the while.
Our car, The Palatine, was better preserved after the fall than any of the rest. The others were a mass of splinters, iron, pieces of glass, et cetera, and fragments and sections of the bridge were all mixed in with the cars. There was no assistance whatever from the fire department, but I was told that there were tanks of water there at the engine house which could have been used by the fire engine and we wondered why they were not used. I only saw one of the company's officers there, but he was doing everything he could to assist the wounded.
Our car was the third from the last and from the easy way it fell I judged it was fairly on the bridge when it fell with it. The last car fell down end wise, the rear end resting on the abutment. I think the second car was the one I climbed over and I think everybody in it must have perished.
I left Ashtabula Saturday afternoon about 2:00 and arrived here this afternoon. I lost all my portable luggage but my trunks probably left Albany by an earlier train, and I hope to find them awaiting me at Milwaukee. Everybody in our car escaped, although more or less injured, almost everyone getting out through the windows. As I said before, I concluded to try the door and succeeded in making my escape by it.”
The second crash she mentioned hearing in that account was the City of Buffalo sleeper car landing on her car, The Palatine. It had crushed the smoking car, Yokahama before falling over and landing against The Palatine, its rear in the air.
As those who could escape made their way out, the trapped found themselves in a race against time. A fire had started and would make its way through the majority of the cars over the hours following the crash.
She mentioned in her account that questions about the fire department had come up. A lot of that came in the days following as rumors and speculation took on a life of their own.
See, the railroad company had to pay out compensation to victims of crashes, but only to those who were actually on the train. If someone claimed to have family who perished in an accident, they would need to provide a body or some other trinket to prove it.
The rumor was that the company had prevented the fire department from dousing the flames in an attempt to destroy as many bodies as possible. One witness even testified at the coroner’s inquiry that a railroad official had told her they were letting the fire burn for that reason.
That rumor was put to rest when all the testimony was heard, however, and the reason for the fire being left to burn wound up being incompetence. The coroner found that no one in charge knew how to properly handle such a big event and leaders who should have taken charge simply dropped the ball.
Because of the fire, the true death toll will never be certain, but it’s estimated that 92 people perished in the accident. At the time, it was the worst rail disaster in U.S. history, and to this day it’s the worst the state of Ohio has ever seen.
Gas Stop
Blame in tragedies like the Ashtabula train disaster never really falls on one person. Often it’s a series of mistakes and choices that lead to a bad outcome.
You could blame the design of the bridge, but the fact that it could make it from concept to reality means the process of building bridges back then was just as broken as the design. The coroner’s report also calls out a lack of competent inspection over the 11 years the bridge stood, stating that if anyone who knew what they were doing had inspected the structure it would have been shut down and fixed.
That aside, the fire was the result of the railroad company not making changes to their cars mandated in a law from 1869 that required rail cars in Ohio to have self-extinguishing heaters. Then the fire not being put out in a timely manner made things worse.
There are always cries for justice when something terrible happens, and the public only sees what they want to. Those who believe the railroad company to be a heartless entity, run by soulless individuals only driven by profit would never accept the verdict of incompetence as a reason for the fire going on as it did. They would never see the company, or anyone who worked for it as anything more than demons, responsible for untold chaos.
But companies are made up of individuals, and more of them than most might realize actually do care about their work.
One of those who worked for the railroad, who had dedicated his life to the safety of the public, was Charles Collins.
As the chief engineer of the rail, his name was listed as having something to do with most of the designs and safety measures around the bridges and tracks. He’d helped design countless bridges, and even played a small part in what would eventually become the failure of Amasa Stone’s bridge in Ashtabula.
He’d been forced away from that project, but it still bore his name as one of the designers.
Weeks after the tragedy, on January 20, 1877, Charles Collins would be found dead in his home from an apparent gunshot wound to his head. Many assumed he’d taken his own life, wracked with guilt over the bridge and what he could’ve done to prevent the loss of life. But his family and friends didn’t accept that.
Laid to rest in a Mausoleum in the Chestnut Grove Cemetery in Ashtabula, his tortured soul is said to wander the grounds. But he isn’t moaning in regret, wishing he could un-pull the trigger, he’s more likely trying to tell anyone who will listen about his killer.
His assistant, Mr. I. C. Brewer, found the body when calling on his boss on a Saturday morning. It was obvious Charles had been there for a few days, most likely since the night of January 17th, following his testimony about the bridge disaster to the Ohio Legislative Committee.
He was holding a Colt Navy revolver in his left hand, and it appeared he’d shot himself in the mouth. He was laying on his bed, and the hand that clutched the revolver was resting partly on the thigh of his left leg, the arm resting along the left side of his body.
The official story was that he had returned home after testifying and ended his own life, but let’s walk through the room and the scenario in more detail.
Nearly two years after Mr. Collin’s death, two separate medical examiners, Dr. Stephen Smith and Dr. Frank H. Hamilton, re-evaluated the evidence in a search for answers. Each doctor independently looked at the skull and the evidence of the case and came to their own conclusions.
The bullet entered the left side of his head and exited on the right side a little further back than it entered. For starters, Charles Collins was right handed, so using his left hand and firing into the left side of his head seems a little odd. Both examiners also called out the trajectory of the bullet, noting the angle the round took would be extremely difficult, if not impossible for Mr. Collins to pull off.
It was also noted that the shot itself would more than likely not have killed him right away, instead possibly paralyzing him and leaving him waiting for death. If he didn’t die right away, he would have likely tried a second shot, or maybe even sought help for the wound assuming it didn’t result in paralysis. The injury could have been enough to send him into shock, possibly knocking him unconscious as well, but there are problems with that theory too.
Dr. Smith notes in his report that paralysis was unlikely due to the position of the body. If he had been paralyzed, the left arm would have fallen off the bed and the gun would have fallen out of his hand. He also notes that shock and unconsciousness were unlikely because the body was found resting on a bed that looked very tidy and shock would have resulted in convulsions that would have left the blankets and general area in disarray.
Dr. Smith also notes that the force of the weapon being discharged against the head would have been enough to send it across the room from recoil.
Dr. Hamilton came to a similar conclusion, noting that the body would have only been able to come to rest as it did, with the revolver in the hand, if it were placed there.
Then there’s the fact that he’d agreed to go on a trip to take care of some bridge inspections for the company. He’d even packed his bags and had them waiting next to the bed, as if planning to leave the following morning as promised. He could have packed the bag and then changed his mind, but it is just another oddity that sticks out.
That’s a lot of information, so I think a quick summary is in order.
Charles Collins’ assistant, Mr. Brewer, found him dead on January 20, 1877. Charles was laying in his bed at home, on his back with a revolver loosely held in his left hand which was laying along his left side and resting on his thigh. What initially appeared to be a single gunshot through his mouth turned out to be a gunshot that entered the left side of his head and exited the right side.
His packed bags were sitting on the floor of the bedroom, seemingly ready for a trip he’d planned to take on Thursday morning.
Now, while the circumstances seem to point to foul play, I need to also point out a couple of things that line up with suicide.
Charles had tried resigning his position of chief engineer with the railroad the Monday prior to his death. The company refused his resignation, with his boss taking the time to talk in depth about the issues Charles was having with the disaster and his own guilt. It was a very emotional time in general for him, and the day he died he’d spent hours testifying before a committee dedicated to finding the truth of the incident.
To anyone outside, it would appear he was going through a lot mentally, and I can only imagine what was actually going on inside his mind. Not only did he feel somewhat responsible for the deaths of nearly a hundred people, but he was also being looked at as a villain by some in the community for not having done something to prevent the disaster.
The part that stands out to me the most is the position of the body and the fact that he used his left hand even as a right handed individual.
I’m no forensic scientist, but I’ve seen my fair share of CSI and one thing they always made a note of when it came to staged scenes was that people tend to drop the gun after shooting themselves. Would he really have been left with it resting in his hand like that?
Both doctors that examined the skull and the case thought it was odd for him to be found like that, and even in the 19th century they had enough knowledge and experience to know something wasn’t right.
The Last Mile
We’ll never know with complete certainty if Charles Collins’ life ended at his own hand or at the hands of another. There were never any suspects vetted or even proposed, so even if we could prove foul play there would be no one to investigate.
Charles Collins would be the final official victim of the tragic disaster, and out of the rubble would rise changes to how railroad safety was approached and a new hospital that sits in Ashtabula today near the site of the crash. You can even see the new bridge, a mound of earth piled on a double concrete arch that the river flows through, from the windows of the facility. Built to allow a place for victims of any future tragedies, the Ashtabula Regional Medical Center stands as a reminder of that horrible night a century and a half ago.
As season 2 of The Long Way Home rolls on, I’m going to be sharing a lot of stuff like this. Going in depth on tales I share over on YouTube. Over there on my channel, Legends and Tales, I share stories like this one from all over the United States. It’s something I’ve been doing for a few years now, among other projects, and I’m excited to grow it as I move through 2025 and beyond.
This podcast is going to be an extension of that series, diving deeper into stories and tales and sharing stuff that just doesn’t fit in the video format. Subscribing on YouTube will bring both Legends and Tales and The Long Way Home to your feed whenever new episodes drop, and The Long Way Home on its own is available wherever you prefer to listen to podcasts.
Some of the upcoming episodes here on The Long Way Home will be tied into older episodes of Legends and Tales, but newer stuff will be coming as well over the course of the season.
As always, make sure to follow and rate The Long Way Home, no matter where you choose to listen. You can check out my books on Amazon or at joshbearheartlegendsandtales.com, and even send me a message on select podcasting platforms.
I want to thank you all for joining me on this drive. Remember, the destination isn’t as important as the journey, and the journey is always better when you take The Long Way Home.